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In [[Multics]], command-line options and subsystem keywords may be abbreviated. This idea appears to derive from the [[PL/I programming language]], with its shortened keywords (e.g., STRG for STRINGRANGE and DCL for DECLARE). For example, in the Multics ''forum'' subsystem, the ''-long_subject'' parameter can be abbreviated ''-lgsj''. It is also common for Multics commands to be abbreviated, typically corresponding to the initial letters of the words that are strung together with underscores to form command names, such as the use of ''did'' for ''delete_iacl_dir''.
In some other systems abbreviations are automatic, such as permitting enough of the first characters of a command name to uniquely identify it (such as <code>SU</code> as an abbreviation for <code>SUPERUSER</code>) while others may have some specific abbreviations pre-programmed (e.g. <code>MD</code> for <code>[[MKDIR]]</code> in COMMAND.COM) or user-defined via batch scripts and [[Alias (command)|aliases]] (e.g. <code>alias md mkdir</code> in [[tcsh]]).
====={{anchor|SwitChar}}Option conventions in DOS, Windows, OS/2=====
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